The use of alternative safe water options
to mitigate the arsenic problem in Bangladesh: a community perspective
Md. Jakariya. M.Sc. Thesis,
Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Aug 2000
APPENDIX 2
TABLE 1: Socio-demographic and other characteristics compared
in two Study villages
|
Age |
No. of Respondents |
Main Problem of the area |
No. of Respondents |
| |
V |
K |
|
V |
K |
|
10-20 |
2 (4) |
10 (18) |
Arsenic |
30 (59) |
45 (80) |
|
20-30 |
13 (25) |
13 (23) |
Sanitation |
5 (10) |
4 (7) |
|
30-40 |
18 (35) |
15 (27) |
Financial Problem |
10 (20) |
7 (13) |
|
40-50 |
13 (26) |
9 (16) |
Jobless |
6 (11) |
- |
|
50+ |
5 (10) |
9 (16) |
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
Drinking Water: Present Source |
No. of Respondents |
| |
|
|
|
V |
K |
|
Education |
No. of Respondents |
RWH |
2 (4) |
3 (5) |
| |
V |
K |
Red Tube well |
39 (76) |
8 (14) |
|
Illiterate |
9 (18) |
18 (32) |
Green Tube well |
5 (10) |
9 (16) |
|
Literate |
42 (82) |
38 (68) |
Deep Tube well |
- |
31 (56) |
|
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
3-Pitchers |
3 (6) |
5 (9) |
|
Main Occupation |
No. of Respondents |
RWH + Red Tube well |
2 (4) |
- |
| |
V |
K |
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
Business |
42 (82) |
7 (12) |
Cooking water: Present source |
No. of Respondents |
| |
|
|
|
V |
K |
|
Agriculture |
- |
39 (70) |
RWH |
2 (4) |
3 (5) |
|
Van Puller |
- |
2 (4) |
Pond water |
37 (7) |
33 (59) |
|
Service |
7 (14) |
- |
Red Tube well |
9 (18) |
6 (11) |
|
Student |
2 (4) |
8 (14) |
Green Tube well |
3 (6) |
3 (5) |
|
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
Deep Tube well |
- |
5 (9) |
|
Monthly Expenditure (Tk) |
No. of Respondents |
3-Pitcher |
- |
4 (7) |
| |
V |
K |
Not Tested Tube well |
- |
2 (4) |
|
Up to 1500 |
2 (4) |
6 (11) |
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
1001-3000 |
8 (16) |
23 (41) |
Radio/TV Ownership |
No. of Respondents |
| |
|
|
|
V |
K |
|
3001-5000 |
30 (59) |
24 (43) |
Radio |
Yes |
43 (84) |
21 (38) |
| |
|
|
|
No |
8 (16) |
35 (62) |
| |
|
|
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
5001+ |
11 (21) |
3 (5) |
Television |
Yes |
40 (78) |
14 (25) |
| |
|
|
|
No |
11 (22) |
42 (75) |
|
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
TABLE 2: Arsenic related information compared in the two
study villages
|
Arsenic Test Results |
No. of Respondents |
Expectation to solve the problem |
No. of Respondents |
| |
V |
K |
|
V |
K |
|
Arsenic tested |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
Government |
6 (12) |
30 (54) |
|
Not tested |
- |
- |
NGO |
27 (53) |
16 (28) |
|
Arsenic-contaminated |
49 (96) |
51 (91) |
Govt.+NGO |
12 (24) |
10 (18) |
|
Not contaminated |
2 (4) |
5 (9) |
Don’t Know |
6 (12) |
- |
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
Using for drinking & cooking |
No. of Respondents |
Willingness to pay for options |
No. of Respondents |
| |
V |
K |
|
V |
K |
|
Still using |
41 (80) |
8 (14) |
Want to Pay |
37 (73) |
16 (29) |
|
Not using |
10 (20) |
48 (86) |
Don’t want to pay |
10 (19) |
36 (64) |
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
Alternative options available |
4 (8) |
4 (7) |
| |
|
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
Arsenic patients |
No. of Respondents |
Alternative options Needed |
No. of Respondents |
| |
V |
K |
|
V |
K |
|
Arsenic patient |
- |
15 (27) |
Yes |
44 (86) |
54 (96) |
|
No patient |
51 (100) |
41 (73) |
No |
4 (8) |
2 (4) |
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
No idea |
3 (6) |
- |
|
Arsenic is a Contagious & hereditary disease |
No. of Respondents |
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
| |
V |
K |
|
|
|
|
Yes |
11 (22) |
2 (4) |
Source of Information about arsenic |
No. of Respondents (multiple answer) |
| |
|
|
|
V |
K |
|
No |
40 (78) |
54 (96) |
Radio |
1 |
35 |
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
Television |
39 |
33 |
|
Knowledge about safe water options |
No. of Respondents |
NGO |
49 |
54 |
| |
V |
K |
Government |
0 |
8 |
|
Know about the options |
44 (86) |
56 (100) |
Teacher |
0 |
24 |
|
Don’t know |
7 (14) |
- |
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
|
|
|
Arsenic in tube well water is problem |
No. of Respondents |
|
|
|
| |
V |
K |
|
|
|
|
Yes |
46 (90) |
54 (96) |
|
|
|
|
No |
5 (10) |
2 (4) |
|
|
|
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
|
|
Table 3: Summary of the household survey
|
Mean age of the respondents |
No. of respondents |
|
Vhagolpur |
30 |
|
Kamarpara |
35 |
|
Educational status |
B |
K |
|
Literate |
42 (82) |
38 (68) |
|
Illiterate |
9 (18) |
18 (32) |
|
Occupation |
B |
K |
|
Business Agriculture |
42 (82) - |
7 (12) 39 (70) |
|
Number of tube wells |
B |
K |
|
Arsenic-contaminated |
47 |
51 |
|
Not contaminated |
4 |
5 |
|
Monthly expenditure |
B |
K |
|
Average expenditure (TAKA) |
5000 |
3000 |
|
Still drinking from contaminated wells |
B |
K |
|
Drinking from contaminated wells |
41 (80) |
8 (14) |
|
Arsenic patient |
B |
K |
|
No. of patient |
- |
15 |
|
Safe options are needed |
B |
K |
|
Yes |
44 (86) |
54 (96) |
|
No |
4 (8) |
2 (4) |
|
No idea |
3 (6) |
- |
|
Willingness to pay for options |
No. of Respondents |
| |
V |
K |
|
Want to Pay |
37 (73) |
16 (29) |
|
Don’t want to pay |
10 (19) |
36 (64) |
|
Alternative options available |
4 (8) |
4 (7) |
|
TOTAL |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
Radio/TV Ownership |
No. of Respondents |
| |
V |
K |
|
Radio |
Yes |
21 (38) |
43 (84) |
|
| |
No |
35 (62) |
8 (16) |
|
|
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
|
Television |
Yes |
14 (25) |
40 (78) |
|
| |
No |
42 (75) |
11 (22) |
|
|
Total |
51 (100) |
56 (100) |
The number within parentheses indicate percentage
|