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The use of alternative safe water options to mitigate the arsenic problem in Bangladesh: a community perspective

Chapters

Chapter 1.  Introduction

Chapter 2.  Background of the arsenic problem

Chapter 3.  A strategy to mitigate the arsenic problem

Chapter 4.  Dynamics of community and community participation

Chapter 5.  Objectives

Chapter 6.  Materials and methods

Chapter 7.  Results and discussions

Chapter 8.  Focus group discussion

Chapter 9.  Safe water options and community participation

Chapter 10.  Conclusion

Bibiliography

Appendices

Appendix 1. Detailed descriptions of the alternative safe water options

Appendix 2. Data tables 

Appendix 3. Household Survey Questionnaire

Figures

Figure 1:  Arsenic contaminated areas in Bangladesh

Figure 2:  Diagrammatic view to mitigate the arsenic problem

Figure 3:  Major kinds of Participation 

Figure 4:  Factors influencing community participation

Figure 5:  Vhagolpur village

Figure 6:  Kamarpara village

Figure 7:  Location of the two upazilas where the study villages are located

Figure 8:  Geomorphology and Geology of Bangladesh

Figure 9:  Pond Sand Filter

Figure 10:  Rainwater harvester

Figure 11:  Safi Filter 

Figure 12:  Three-Kolshi

Figure 13:  Variables in Community Decision-Making

Tables

Table 1:  Basic statistics about Bangladesh and the Arsenic Problem

Table 2:  General difference between the study villages

Table 3:  Arsenic in tube well water is a problem: by age group

Table 4:  Arsenic in tube well water is a problem

Table 5:  Arsenic in tube well water is a problem: by level of education

Table 6:  Main occupation of the study villages

Table 7:  Main Problem of the study villages

Table 8:  Monthly expenditure of the respondents of the study villages

Table 9:  Arsenic problem vs. monthly expenditure

Table 10:  Knowledge about arsenic and alternative safe water options

Table 11:  Arsenic testing and related information

Table 12:  Reasons for using arsenic-contaminated water

Table 13:  Number of arsenic-affected patients in the study villages

Table 14:  Alternative safe water options

Table 15:  Community perception of the alternative safe water options

Table 16:  Importance of safe water options to the people of community

Table 17:  Expectation of the villagers to solve arsenic problem

Table 18:  Monthly expenditure verses willingness to pay for options